Agent-Based Modeling (ABM) is a methodology that describes an economic system based on the representation of the individuals that compose it and their respective behavior. Once the agents capable of interacting with each other have been identified, a system is created that simulates the results from their interaction.

For example, agent-based modeling can be used to analyze cartels, given its origin in the interactions and cooperation between economic agents, as it allows for the creation of controlled conditions, which are necessary to evaluate their formation and effects. This methodology also allows for better understanding of the effects of an interaction between economic agents on factors such as market price. Ultimately, this methodology works as a means of representing economic phenomena and can be used to delineate behavior patterns in various markets.

Despite the potential utility of AMB, the DEE concludes that the work concerning the topic is quite diverse, while still being scarce in terms of antitrust application. For this reason, it believes that more studies are necessary to evaluate the possibility of using this methodology in the area, since, depending on the object of the study, it is necessary to determine sub-models capable of explaining the behavior of individual companies for the observed phenomena, which would require additional independent work.

O conteúdo DEE/Cade publishes study on the application of Agent-Based Modeling (ABM) aparece primeiro em Grinberg Cordovil Advogados.

The measure covers items, such as beans, meat, pasta, cookies, rice, construction materials, among another 6,195 tariff codes of the Mercosur Common Nomenclature (NCM). As of November 19 of last year, these products had already suffered a 10% price reduction. Adding the new measure to the previous one, more than 87% of the NCM tariff codes had their rate reduced to 0% or reduced by a total of 20%.

Although the government has previously stated its intention to abandon a protectionist tradition and expand trade openness in the country – including at the 75th United Nations General Assembly[1] -, Foreign Trade Secretary, Lucas Ferraz, told journalists that the main objective of the tariff reduction is to fight inflation. According to estimates by the Ministry of Economy, the measure may bring down inflation by 0.5 to 1 percentage point [2] [3] [4]. In addition, as stated in an official publication of the Ministry of Economy [5], the measure also aims to “alleviate the negative economic consequences arising from Covid-19 and the war in Ukraine.”

The measure applies to products subject to the Common External Tariff (TEC), a tariff equal for all Mercosur states (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay) and charged on products imported from states that are not part of the bloc. The decision for the reduction was taken unilaterally by Brazil within the scope of the Executive Management Committee (Gecex) of the Chamber of Foreign Trade (Camex). Therefore, the reduction is temporary. It will only last until December 31, 2023.

The full Resolution with the denotation of all products that suffered tariff changes can be accessed here.

[1] https://www.gazetadopovo.com.br/economia/o-que-governo-tem-feito-abertura-comercial/

[2] https://www.poder360.com.br/economia/corte-de-tarifa-de-importacao-tera-renuncia-de-r-37-bilhoes/

[3] https://plataformafasttrade.com.br/noticias/governo-reduz-imposto-de-importacao-de-6-195-codigos-tarifarios-para-conter-inflacao/

[4] https://plataformafasttrade.com.br/noticias/governo-reduz-imposto-de-importacao-de-6-195-codigos-tarifarios-para-conter-inflacao/

[5] https://www.gov.br/pt-br/noticias/financas-impostos-e-gestao-publica/2022/05/governo-federal-anuncia-nova-reducao-de-10-no-imposto-de-importacao-de-bens-comercializados/view

O conteúdo Brazilian government announces a 10% tariff reduction on several basic imported products aparece primeiro em Grinberg Cordovil Advogados.

A Senacon, enquanto órgão responsável pelo planejamento, elaboração, coordenação e execução da Política Nacional das Relações de Consumo, através do Departamento de Proteção e Defesa do Consumidor (DPDC), colaborará com a ANPD através do compartilhamento de informações coletadas através de reclamações dos consumidores, compartilhando com a ANPD aquelas relativas à proteção de dados.

Segundo Juliana Domingues, secretária Nacional do Consumidor, “este alinhamento é fundamental diante dos incidentes que envolvem dados dos consumidores. Estamos muito felizes em contribuir com as atividades da ANPD. Formalizamos um Núcleo dentro do Conselho Nacional de Defesa do Consumidor que busca essa convergência e faremos muitas atividades conjuntas relacionados à proteção de dados pessoais no âmbito de relações de consumo.”

Nesse mesmo sentido, Waldemar Gonçalves, presidente da ANPD, confia que tal cooperação será muito benéfica para a efetiva proteção de dados dos milhares de brasileiros , já que essa parceria contribui para a formação de “um sistema forte e capilarizado”, capaz de estruturar e otimizar a atuação de ambos.

O conteúdo Senacon e ANPD aproximam-se de formalizar Acordo de Cooperação Técnica aparece primeiro em Grinberg Cordovil Advogados.

SENACON, the entity responsible for planning, elaborating, coordinating, and executing the Consumer Relations’ National Policy, within the Consumer Protection Bureau (DPDC), will cooperate with the ANPD by sharing information that was collected through consumer complaints and is relevant to data protection.

As the Consumer Defense Code and the Brazilian General Data Protection Law allow for a possible overlapping when it comes to the application of administrative penalties, this interaction between the agencies is essential for the precise definition of the sanctioning limits of each of these entities.

According to Juliana Domingues, National Consumer Secretary, “This agreement is extremely relevant in the face of incidents involving consumer data. We are very happy to contribute to the ANPD’s activities. We have formed a Center within the National Consumer Defense Council that aims at this convergence, and we are planning to carry out many joint activities related to personal data protection, in the context of consumer relations.”

In this same sense, Waldemar Gonçalves, president of the ANPD, trusts that such cooperation will be beneficial for the effective data protection of thousands of Brazilians, since this partnership contributes to the formation of “a strong and interconnected system,” capable of structuring and optimizing both activities.

O conteúdo SENACON and ANPD are close to striking a Cooperation Agreement aparece primeiro em Grinberg Cordovil Advogados.